Leung, Andrew Yee TakAndrew Yee TakLeung2022-05-232022-05-231983https://repository.sfu.edu.hk/handle/sfu/3298Regardless of their simplicity, all structures have an infinite number of degrees-of-freedom (d.o.f.) when subjected to dynamic loading. The usual finite element method reduces the infinite d.o.f. system to a model with a limited d.o.f. while capturing the significant physical behaviour. The modal analysis reduces the number of d.o.f. further to a limited number of modal co-ordinates. However, accurate results comparable to the original finite element model may not be possible unless higher modes are included. The present paper is to recommend a response analysis which makes use of both the natural modes and the mass and stiffness matrices of the system to improve the convergence with respect to the number of modes. While the effects of lower modes are analysed similar to the modal analysis, the effects of higher modes are included in the system matrices and the information for higher modes is not needed.enjournal article10.1002/nme.1620191003